Preparation and Characterization of Catalytic Membrane Reactors
Resumen
Los Reactores Catalíticos de Membrana, RCM, nos dan la posibilidad de optimizar diversos procesos industriales. La versatilidad que tienen los RCM reside en que pueden ejecutar varias funciones, como por ejemplo, filtración, dosificación y catálisis. Este trabajo propone cuatro formas de preparación de RCM en modo contacto interfacial, para ser evaluados en remediación ambiental. Para la preparación de RCM, se emplearon membranas comerciales de fibra hueca de corindón. Como principal fase activa se usó paladio, el cual fue depositado por diferentes métodos tales como impregnación, sputtering (pulverización catódica) y microemulsión; también se usaron nanopartículas de paladio-cobre obtenido por el método del poliol. Los reactores obtenidos fueron probados en la generación in situ de peróxido de hidrógeno y la oxidación de fenol en medio acuoso a presión atmosférica y a temperatura ambiente o a 60°C. Los mejores resultados se obtuvieron con el RCM que contenía paladio por impregnación. Los otros RCM presentaron en todos las pruebas una rápida desactivación.
Catalytic Membrane Reactors, CMR, are well known because of their versatility to develop various industrial processes. This versatility lies in CMR’s ability to run many functions in a single device. These functions can be filtration, dosage and catalysis. This work proposes four ways to prepare CMRs in interface mode to be tested in environmental remediation. For the preparation of Catalytic Membrane Reactors, commercial Hollow Fiber Membranes made of corundum were used. Palladium, as the main active phase, was synthesized by different methods such as impregnation, sputtering and microemulsion. Moreover, copper palladium alloy nanoparticles were obtained by the polyol route. The reactors obtained were tested in aqueous medium, at atmospheric pressure and low reaction temperatures (< 60°C) in the following reactions: in situ generation of hydrogen peroxide and phenol oxidation. The best results were achieved with the CMR with palladium prepared by impregnation. The others CMRs showed fast deactivation in all tests.
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