Las explosiones de rayos gamma un campo abierto para la astrofísica

Autores/as

  • Andrés Baquero Universidad de Cuenca

Resumen

Las explosiones de rayos gamma (GRBs), son los fenómenos astrofísicos más energéticos y luminosos desde el Big Bang, y pueden liberar más energía en pocos segundos de lo que nuestro Sol emitirá en todo su vida esperada de diez mil millones de años. Su frecuencia de detección es de alrededor de una explosión por día, aunque debido a que no todas las explosiones se dirigen hacia la tierra, se estima que la tasa real es de alrededor de una cada minuto en el universo. Los GRBs juegan actualmente un rol muy importante en el área de estudio de la astrofísica de altas energías, ya que encierran toda una física nueva por el hecho de explorar nuevos procesos físicos y mecanismos de radiación que expliquen la liberación de tan grandes energías, además de la exploración de sus galaxias anfitrionas y objetos astrofísicos que puedan ser catalogados como sus posibles progenitores. A esto se suma su utilidad para el estudio de las primeras fases del universo, ya que podrían estar asociados a las primeras generaciones de estrellas y las últimas fases de desarrollo de las mismas. Este artículo busca brindarle al lector un amplio espectro sobre el entendimiento hasta ahora alcanzado en el estudio de los GRBs y los problemas físicos aún abiertos que son estudiados por los astrofísicos hoy en día.

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Publicado

2017-10-01