SÍNDROME ANTIFOSFOLIPÍDICO CATASTRÓFICO
Abstract
RESUMEN
El término síndrome antifosfolipídico (SAF) “catastrófico” fue introducido para definir una forma grave y rápidamente evolutiva de SAF que conduce a insuficiencia multiorgánica. Los pacientes con SAF catastrófico tienen en común: a) evidencia clínica de afectación orgánica múltiple (3 o más órganos); b) evidencia anatomopatológica de la oclusión de múltiples vasos de pequeño calibre (aunque algunos pacientes presentan también trombosis de los vasos de gran calibre) y c) confirmación de la presencia de anticuerpos antifosfolipídicos (AAF), generalmente a títulos elevados.
Aunque representan menos del 1% de todos los pacientes con SAF, generalmente se encuentran en una situación médica urgente que requiere un seguimiento clínico exhaustivo y un tratamiento precoz y enérgico. Palabras clave: Síndrome antifosfolipídico, anticuerpos antifosfolipídicos, Anticuerpos Anticardiolipina, Inhibidor de Coagulación del Lupus, Inmunoglobulinas Intravenosas, Intercambio Plasmático.
ABSTRACT
The term anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) “catastrophic” was introduced to define a serious and rapidly progressive form of APS which leads to multi-organ failure. Patients with catastrophic APS have in common: a) a clinical evidence of multiple organ involvement (3 or more organs); b) pathological evidence of occlusion of multiple small vessels (although some patients have also thrombosis of large vessels) and c) confirmation of the presence of anti-phospholipid antibodies (APAs), usually at high titers.
Although they represent less than 1% of all patients with APS, they usually found in an urgent medical situation that requires a thorough clinical monitoring and an early and vigorous treatment. Keywords: Antiphospholipid Syndrome, Antibodies, Antiphospholipid, Antibodies, Anticardiolipin, Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous, Plasma Exchange.
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