Screening of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women at Provida Basic Hospital. Latacunga 2013-2016.

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Objetive:
To determine the frequency of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women. To evidence the frequency
of positive and negative IgG and IgM results.To describe the frequency of acute infection based on
results of IgG affinity tests.To show the frequency of toxoplasmosis and the distribution according to the age and years of presentation.
Method:
A non - experimental, observational - cross - sectional study was conducted at the Basic PROVIDA Hospital, in Latacunga, Ecuador. About 989 IgG and IgM screening results for toxoplasmosis were analyzed from pregnant women aged between 14 and 45 years in the first trimester of pregnancy, 9 IgG avidity tests and 4 DNA amplification tests for T. gondii. It was developed between 2013 and 2016. The statistical analysis was carried out with the software SPSS v.23, descriptive statistics were applied, with age, mean, minimum and maximum standard deviation were obtained. The frequency of positive and negative IgG and IgM results were calculated and their distribution according to age and behavior in the years of study. Frequency of acute infection by IgG avidity test and T. gondii amplification by PCR were identified.
Results:
The mean age is 29.36 years, standard deviation of ± 5.67. In 989 IgG tests, 340 were positive. Of the total 40.34% were in ages of 27 to 32 years. Of the positives for IgM 0.3% (95% CI: 0.1-0.89) were in ages 22 to 26 years. The frequency of positive and negative IgG and IgM results does not show significant variation over the 4 years. About 0.3% avidity tests for IgG, have low avidity. No DNA amplification test for Toxoplasma gondii amplified.
Conclusions:
This study reported a positive IgM frequency of 0.3% (95% CI: 0.1-0.89) in ages between 22 to 32 years, the frequency of acute infection with determined Toxoplasma gondii according to the IgG avidity of 0.3%. The results did not vary significantly in the years of study. The seronegativity of IgG for T. gondii was 65.6%. It should be noted that the analyzed results were from patients who can access to a private health service.
Keywords: Toxoplasmosis, Pregnant Women, Straining.