Contaminantes emergentes y su impacto en la salud. Emerging contaminants and its impact on the health

Authors

  • Julieta del Carmen Reinoso Carrasco Universidad de Cuenca
  • Clara Yamilet Serrano Delgado
  • Danilo Fernando Orellana Cobos

Abstract

RESUMEN

 

El desarrollo industrial de las últimas décadas, ha traído como consecuencia la acumulación de sustancias que provocan daño en el medio ambiente y la salud. Actualmente, se han detectado sustancias que siempre han estado presentes, pero que han pasado desapercibidas por falta de técnicas adecuadas para su identificación, a las cuales se les llama “contaminantes emergentes”, entre ellas se encuentran productos como: fármacos, plaguicidas, cosméticos, artículos de limpieza y aseo personal entre otros. Este artículo presenta una revisión de la evidencia disponible y la importancia del estudio de los contaminantes emergentes y su impacto en el medio ambiente y en la salud. Los contaminantes emergentes, son sustancias que a pesar de que pueden ser biodegradables, son muy peligrosas para el ambiente y el organismo humano debido a su bioacumulación y persistencia. Otro grave problema radica en el hecho de que actualmente, las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales, no los eliminan, por lo que es importante el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías de depuración.

Palabras clave: Contaminantes químicos, contaminantes físicos, contaminantes ambientales, Disruptores Hormonales, tensoactivos.

 

ABSTRACT

 

The industrial development of the last decades has caused the accumulation of substances that damage the environment and health.Recently, some substances have been detected, they have always been present, but they have gone unnoticed due to a lack of adequate techniques for their identification, which are called "emerging contaminants", including products such as drugs, pesticides, cosmetics, cleaning and personal hygiene items, among others. This article presents a review of the available evidence and the importance of the study of emerging contaminants and their impact on the environment and health. The emerging contaminants are substances that although they can be biodegradable, are very dangerous for the environment and the human organism due to their bioaccumulation and persistence.Another serious problem lies in the fact that the current water treatment plants do not eliminate them, so the development of new purification technologies is important.

 

Key Words: Chemical Pollutants, Physical Contaminants, Environmental Pollutants, Hormonal Disruptors, Surface-Active Agents.

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Published

2018-04-26

Issue

Vol. 35 No. 2 (2017): Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad de Cuenca

Section

Original Article

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