Virus del papiloma humano y su implicancia en el ámbito odontológico. Una revisión de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18537/fouc.v02.n02.a03Palabras clave:
virus del papiloma humano, cavidad oral, vacunas, riesgo, transmisiónResumen
El Virus del Papiloma Humano (VPH) es un virus sin envoltura que se transmite mediante contacto directo, células placentarias, sangre y autoinoculación. Este agente puede provocar lesiones benignas o malignas en las zonas genital y orofaríngea, dependiendo de su variante. Para prevenir el desarrollo de estas patologías, se han desarrollado vacunas profilácticas cuya eficacia en la región oral continúa siendo objeto de debate. Este artículo describe la implicancia del VPH en el ámbito odontológico, abordando las vías de transmisión, las patologías asociadas, el riesgo de transformación maligna y las estrategias de prevención. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura en bases de datos como Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Académico y ProQuest, considerando publicaciones de los últimos cinco años. Se seleccionaron 38 artículos que evidencian que el VPH es responsable directo de la aparición de lesiones benignas y malignas en la región orofaríngea, dependiendo de su variante. Además, se destaca la vacunación como una estrategia clave para prevenir el cáncer cervicouterino y orofaríngeo.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Revista de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cuenca
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