Comportamiento planificado y acción ambiental: Un enfoque causal para Ecuador
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25097/rep.n44.2026.06Palabras clave:
Conciencia ambiental, Comportamiento proambiental, Propensity Score Matching, Evaluación de ImpactoResumen
Este estudio evalúa el efecto causal de la conciencia ambiental sobre la adopción de prácticas proambientales en los hogares ecuatorianos durante el período 2010–2014, utilizando el método de Propensity Score Matching. A partir de microdatos oficiales, se controla el sesgo de autoselección y se aporta evidencia empírica en un contexto latinoamericano donde predominan enfoques correlacionales. Los resultados indican que los hogares con conciencia ambiental presentan una mayor probabilidad de ahorrar agua (6% y 9%), ahorrar energía (5% a 8%) y clasificar residuos (7% a 11%), en comparación con hogares similares sin dicha característica. Estos hallazgos respaldan la Teoría del Comportamiento Planificado, al mostrar que la conciencia ambiental actúa como un mecanismo clave en la transición de la intención a la acción. El estudio aporta evidencia relevante para el diseño de políticas públicas orientadas a fortalecer estrategias de educación y sensibilización ambiental diferenciadas por grupo socioeconómico.
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