Actividad adulticida y composición química del aceite esencial de hojas de Lantana camara sobre Drosophila melanogaster

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18537/mskn.09.01.03

Palabras clave:

L. Camara, aceite esencial, CG-MS, CL50-CL95, bioensayo, insecticida

Resumen

El uso indiscriminado de plaguicidas sintéticos en el control de plagas y enfermedades que afectan los cultivos, la salud humana, y el medio ambiente, han conducido a resistencia por parte de insectos y presencia de residuos tóxicos en alimentos. Esto ha propiciado la necesidad de desarrollar enfoques alternativos para el control de especies plaga. El presente estudio investigó la actividad insecticida del aceite esencial de hojas de Lantana camara sobre el insecto Drosophila melanogaster. Se aisló aceite esencial de las hojas de L. camara utilizando el método de hidro-destilación. El bioensayo se realizó por el método de la OMS para determinación de actividad adulticida contra mosquitos y artrópodos. Diferentes compuestos fueron identificados por análisis de cromatografía de gases-espectrometría de masas. El valor de CL50 del aceite fue 0.56 mg cm-2 mientras que el valor de CL95 fue 0.96 mg cm-2 sobre Drosophila melanogaster. El rendimiento de aceite esencial de hojas obtenido por hidro-destilación fue 0.022% w/w. El análisis por cromatografía de gases - espectrometría de masas del aceite esencial mostro 66 picos, donde Germacren D (19.29%), B-Cariofileno (14.55%), α-Humuleno (9.51%), Biciclogermacren (8.94%), Germacren B (7.26%) y γ-Terpineno (5.62%) estuvieron presentes en mayores cantidades y contribuyeron con el 56.21% del total de los constituyentes. El aceite esencial de hojas de L. camara mostró actividad adulticida sobre la especie de mosca Drosophila melanogaster y podría ser utilizado para el desarrollo de insecticidas a base de aceite como complemento de insecticidas sintéticos para el control de moscas causantes de importantes pérdidas económicas.

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Publicado

2018-06-28

Cómo citar

Valdéz, A., Delgado, E., & Ramírez, J. (2018). Actividad adulticida y composición química del aceite esencial de hojas de Lantana camara sobre Drosophila melanogaster. Maskana, 9(1), 21–30. https://doi.org/10.18537/mskn.09.01.03

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Artículos científicos