Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. in calves, and their presence in water and in children with digestive problems in San Fernando canton, Ecuador
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18537/mskn.08.01.10Keywords:
Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia spp., prevalence, calves, oocysts and cysts in water, digestive problems in children, San Fernando cantonAbstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. in the feces of calves 0-4 months of age, as contaminating factor of the water resources used by the human population of 2-6 years old, in the canton San Fernando, province of Azuay.
Methodology: This is a cross-sectional epidemiological study carried out during the period from September 2013 to April 2014. A sample of 120 calves from 0 to 4 months of age was used, according to AGROCALIDAD data; 42 children from 2 to 6 years of age with digestive problems in their visit to the health center; and 40 liters of water obtained from the catchment area in the Hato de la Virgen sector. In calves and infants, fecal material was collected and treated to perform the Ziehl-Neelsen coloration for Cryptosporidium spp. and the Ritchie technique for Giardia spp.; in the water, the number of cysts and oocysts/100 ml were determined by the EPA method 1623. The children were discriminated for the study according to the origin (rural or urban). Descriptive statistics were applied with the SPSS 22.
Results: A prevalence of 93.3% Cryptosporidium spp. (112 positive cases) and 76.7% Giardia spp. (92 positive cases) was found in calves. In water, the presence of 5 oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp./100 ml and 10 cysts of Giardia spp./100 ml. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in children reached an average of 14.3%, while that of Giardia spp. was 33.3%.
Conclusions: The study demonstrated a high prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. in calves, who would be largely responsible for the high concentration in water and high prevalence in children with digestive problems in the canton San Fernando.
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