Social risk factors in school performance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18537/mskn.05.01.01Keywords:
public elementary school, low school performance, educational actors, social risksAbstract
This paper explores some of the risk factors responsible for low school performance of the 4th to 6th level children of public elementary schools in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador. To this end, children with respectively low and high academic performance, parents, teachers and school directors were interviewed, using a template from which the population characteristics, the socioeconomic conditions, attitude of children and teachers, and performance variables were evaluated. For this study a total of 786 surveys, in different public elementary schools in the city of Cuenca were conducted, of which 77 were eliminated by incompleteness. The results showed that the low school performance of the children in first instance is caused by health problems, malnutrition, the high rotation of teachers, the socioeconomic situation of the parents, and the grade of repetition of school years. Furthermore, it was shown that boys overall score less than girls.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Alspaugh, J.W., 2000. The effects of transition grade to high school, gender, and grade level upon dropout rates. Am. Second. Educ., 2-9.
Barnard, W.M., 2004. Parent involvement in elementary school and educational attainment. Child. Youth Serv. Rev., 26(1), 39-62.
Bonal, X., 2007. On global absences: Reflections on the failings in the education and poverty relationship in Latin America. Int. J. Educ. Dev., 27(1), 86-100.
Bowen, N., J-S. Lee, B. Weller, 2007. Social environmental risk and protection: A typology with implications for practice in elementary schools. Child. Sch., 229-242.
CASA, 2009. Annual Report. The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University. Descargado de http://www.casacolumbia.org/templates/Publications.aspx? articleid=598&zoneid=52 el 08 de junio de 2012.
Crahay, M., 2007. Peut-on lutter contra l'échec scolaire? (3e éd.). Éditorial De Boeck, Bruxelles, Belgique.
Connors, C.K., 1989. Feeding the brain, how foods affect children. Editorial Perseus Books Group, London, UK, 280 pp.
Cueto, S., M. Chinen, 2008. Educational impact of a school breakfast programme in rural Peru. Int. J. Educ. Dev., 28(2), 132-148.
da Cunha, J.M., M.A. Jiménez, J.R. Rus Pérez, C. de Andrade, 2009. Social segregation and academic achievement in state-run elementary schools in the municipality of Campinas, Brazil. Geoforum, 40(5), 873-883.
Dunne, M., E.D. Ananga, 2013. Dropping out: Identity conflict in and out of school in Ghana. Int. J. Educ. Dev., 33(2), 196-205.
Escudero, J.M., 1982. El fracaso escolar hacia un modelo de análisis. En: Bartolomé, M. (Ed.), Modelos de investigación educativa. Editorial Universitat Barcelona, España, 17-75.
Fan, X., M. Chen, 2001. Parental involvement and students academic achievement: A meta-analysis. Educ. Psycol. Rev., 13(1), 1-22.
Feldman, A.F., J.L. Matjasko, 2005. The role of school-based extracurricular activities in adolescent development: A comprenhensive review and future directions. Rev. Educ. Res., 75(2), 159-210.
Fernández-Vilar, M., J. Carranza-Carnicero, M. Ato-García, 2012. Efecto del ajuste socioemocional en el rendimiento de las competencias académicas en el contexto escolar. Anales de Psicología, 28(3), 892-903.
González González, M.T., 2005. El absentismo y el abandono: una forma de exclusión escolar. Revista de Currículum y Formación de Profesorado, 9(1), 1-12. Descargado de http://www.redalyc.org/ articulo.oa?id=56790105 el 12 de febrero de 2012.
Holgado, D., I. Maya-Jariego, I. Ramos, J. Palacio, Ó. Oviedo-Trespalacios, V. Romero-Mendoza, J. Amari, 2014. Impact of child labor on academic performance: Evidence from the program "Edúcame Primero Colombia". Int. J. Educ. Dev., 34, 58-66.
Holmes, C., K. Mathews, 1984. The effects of nonpromotion on elementary and junior high schools pupils: A meta-analysis. Rev. Educ. Res., 54(2), 225-236.
INEC, 2011a. El Censo informa: Obtenido de Capítulo Educación. Descargado de http://www.inec.gob.ec/inec/ index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=440%3Ael-censo-informa-capitulo-educacion&catid=68%3Aboletines&Itemid=51&lang=e el 16 de septiembre de 2011.
INEC, 2011b. Fascículo Provincial del Azuay. Instituto Ecuatoriano de Estadísticas y Censos. Descargado de http://www.ecuadorencifras.gob.ec/wp-content/descargas/Manu-lateral/Resultados-provinciales/azuay.pdf el 13 de enero de 2012.
INEC, 2013. Censo de población y vivienda 2010. Tablas de variables de educación. Descargado de http://redatam.inec.gob.ec/cgibin/RpWebEngine.exe/EasyCross?&BASE=CPV2010&ITEM=INDICEDU&MAIN=WebServerMain.inl en octubre de 2013.
Jadue, G., 1997. Factores ambientales que afectan el rendimiento escolar de los niños provenientes de familias de bajo nivel socioeconómico y cultural. Estud. Pedagóg., 23, 75-80.
Jadue, G., 1999. Hacia una mayor permanencia de los niños en riesgo de bajo rendimiento y deserción. Estud. Pedagóg., 25, 83-90.
Kliksberg, B., 2009. América Latina: alto riesgo social. Descargado de http://elpais.com/diario/ 2009/06/24/opinion/1245794413_850215.html el 24 de junio de 2009.
Licove, J., 2009. Determinants of schooling for boys and girls in Nigeria under a policy of free primary education. Econ. Educ. Rev., 28(4), 474-484.
López Yánez, J., 2010. Liderazgo para sostener procesos de innovación en la escuela. Revista de Currículum y Formación del Profesorado, 14(1), 71-92. Descargado de http://www.ugr.es/~recfpro/ rev141ART4.pdf el 13 de enero de 2012.
Marchesi, Á., 2002. Cambios sociales y cambios educativos en Latinoamérica, 20 pp. Descargado de http://www.schwartzman.org.br/simon/delphi/pdf/marchesi.pdf el 12 de septiembre de 2012.
McEwan, P., 2012. The impact of Chile's school feeding program on education outcomes. Econ. Educ. Rev., 32, 122-139.
McNeal, J., B. Ralph, 1998. High school extracurricula activities: Closed structure and stratifying patterns of participation. J. Educ. Res., 91(3), 183-191.
MINEDUC, 2006. El Plan Decenal de Educación (2006-2015). Descargado de http://www.unicef.org/ ecuador/nacionalidades_y_pueblos_indigenas_web_Parte3.pdf en septiembre de 2012, 16 pp.
Mukudi, E., 2003. Nutrition status, education participation and school achivement among Kenyan middle-school children. Nutrition, 19(7-8), 612-616.
Ostrander, S., L. Schroeder, 1991. Supermemory: The Revolution. Editors Carroll & Graf Publishers, New York, USA.
Ramírez, W., S. Vinaccia, G. Ramón, 2004. El impacto de la actividad física y el deporte sobre la salud, la cognición, la socialización y el rendimiento académico: Una revisión teórica. Revista de Estudios Sociales, 18, 67-75.
Reynolds, A., 1992. Comparing measures of parental involvement and their effects on academic achievement. Early Child. Res. Q., 7(3), 441-462.
Shepard, L., M.L. Smith, 2008. Synthesis of research on grade retention. Educational Leadership. Desargado de http://www.ascd.org/ASCD/pdf/journals/ed_lead/el_199005_shepard.pdf en marzo de 2010.
Whitney, S.D., L. Renner, T. Herrenkohl, 2010. Gender differences in risk protection profiles for low academic performances. J. Commun. Psycol., 435-455.
Zeitlin, M., H. Ghassemi, M. Mansour, 1990. Positive deviance in child nutrition with emphasis on psycosocial and behavioural aspects and implications for development. The United Nations University, Tokyo, Japan, 153 pp.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright © Autors. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. for any article submitted from 6 June 2017 onwards. For manuscripts submitted before, the CC BY 3.0 License was used.
You are free to:
 |
Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format |
 |
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. |
Under the following conditions:
 |
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licenser endorses you or your use. |
| No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the licence permits. |
