Análisis comparativo de modelos de flujo de ríos 1-D aplicando un enfoque cuasi 2D para la predicción de llanuras de inundación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18537/mskn.04.01.08Palabras clave:
Modelos hidrodinámicos 1-D, aproximación cuasi 2-D, modelación de planicies aluviales, curva hipsométricaResumen
En este estudio se realizó un análisis comparativo de tres modelos hidrodinámicos de ríos 1-D (Mike 11, InfoWorks-RS y HEC-RAS) con una configuración cuasi 2-D. La planicie de inundación fue esquematizada mediante una red de ramales ficticios o como áreas de almacenamiento. Los modelos se evaluaron en un área reducida de la cuenca del río Dender en Bélgica, para lo cual se simularon tres eventos de inundación históricos y ocho eventos sintéticos con períodos de retorno entre 1 y 1000 años, respectivamente. La eficiencia de los modelos se cuantificó comparando los valores simulados de caudal, nivel de la superficie del agua, volumen de inundación y área inundada. Los resultados muestran que los tres modelos y las dos configuraciones empleadas para la representación de las planicies aluviales dan resultados muy similares en el cauce principal del río, con un error cuadrático medio de alrededor de 6 cm para los niveles máximos y 2% para los caudales. A pesar de la alta precisión en el cauce, los niveles de crecida en la llanura aluvial tienen un error cuadrático medio mayor, de aproximadamente 25 cm, en condiciones de inundación.
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